Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the levels and regulation of tear film inflammatory proteins in contact
lens-related dry eye (CLDE).
Methods
One hundred healthy, daily wear (non-overnight), experienced soft contact lens wearers
were classified into normal (n = 50) and CLDE (n = 50) groups based on Contact Lens
and Dry Eye Questionnaire scores, tear break-up times, and comfort (a two-hour difference
between total and comfortable daily lens wear hours). Tear samples (up to 5 μL) were
collected by capillary extraction from the inferior meniscus of each eye, and pooled
tear samples (10 per group) were tested using a customized Quantibody array. Mann
Whitney tests with the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a 5% false discovery rate
were used to compare the normal and CLDE groups.
Results
Relative to the normal group, the CLDE group showed a significantly increased tear
concentration of several inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-7 (p =
0.001), IL-8 (p = 0.001), IL-13 (p = 0.001), IL-15 (p = 0.001), IL-12 p70 (p = 0.002),
growth-related oncogene-alpha/ chemokine (C X C motif) ligand 1 (p = 0.003), granulocyte–colony stimulating factor (p = 0.005),
IL-11 (p = 0.008), epidermal growth factor receptor (p = 0.01), IL-1 receptor antagonist
(RA) (p = 0.013), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (p = 0.013), Eotaxin/C C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11) (p = 0.016), and IL-2 (p = 0.016). The following
cytokines were increased three-fold or more in the CLDE group: IL-13 (p = 0.001),
Eotaxin/CCL11 (p = 0.016), and IL-1RA (p = 0.013).
Conclusions
Several inflammatory markers, including interleukins, were increased in tears of subjects
with CLDE. These results support a growing body of evidence that suggests a potential
role of inflammation in CLDE.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 03, 2021
Accepted:
March 26,
2021
Received in revised form:
March 17,
2021
Received:
October 21,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
