Abstract
Objective
To compare the performance of the dry eye questionnaire (DEQ-5) with the Ocular Surface
Disease Index (OSDI) and further validate the DEQ-5 questionnaire.
Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study conducted in Ghana. OSDI and DEQ-5 questionnaires
were administered to participants. Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate the reliability
of the OSDI and DEQ-5 questionnaires. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the
discriminant validity of DEQ-5. Concurrent validity was evaluated using the Spearman
correlation analysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated
to describe the sensitivity and specificity of the DEQ-5 questionnaire for diagnosis
of dry eye symptoms. Cohen Kappa was used to evaluate agreement between the two questionnaires.
Results
The reliability of the overall OSDI and DEQ-5 scores were 0.919 and 0.819 respectively.
The mean (SD) DEQ-5 scores for asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe dry eye symptoms
as defined by the OSDI grading were 3.05 (2.73), 5.13 (3.69), 7.65 (3.30) and 9.77
(4.16) respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between total
OSDI and total DEQ-5 scores (rs = 0.649, p < 0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve for DEQ-5 was
0.835 (95 % CI: 0.796 – 0.875). A DEQ-5 threshold of 5.5 yielded maximum sensitivity
(0.712) and specificity (0.827). The Cohen kappa using a the DEQ-5 total score threshold
of 5.5 was K = 0.539 (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
In conclusion, performance of the DEQ-5 questionnaire in discriminating symptoms of
dry eye is comparable to the OSDI questionnaire. The DEQ-5 questionnaire is a valid
measure of dry eye symptoms and can be used as a dry eye symptoms assessment tool
in both clinical and epidemiological studies.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 06, 2021
Accepted:
March 24,
2021
Received in revised form:
March 22,
2021
Received:
January 4,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
